Complications are either directly caused by obesity or indirectly related through mechanisms sharing a common cause such as a poor diet or a sedentary lifestyle. Silhouettes and waist circumferences representing optimal, overweight, and obese. People with class I obesity and heart disease do not have greater rates of further heart problems than people of normal weight who also have heart disease. Their ability to take advantage of rare periods of abundance by storing energy as fat would be advantageous during times of varying food availability, and individuals with greater adipose reserves would be more likely to survive famine. Polymorphisms in various genes controlling appetite and metabolism predispose to obesity when sufficient food energy is present. There are a number of theories as to the cause but most believe it is a combination of various factors. The thrifty gene hypothesis postulates that, due to dietary scarcity during human evolution, people are prone to obesity. Agricultural policy and techniques in the United States and Europe have led to lower food prices.
Obesity increases the risk of many physical and mental conditions. 0 and 34. 9 had lower mortality than those with a normal weight. Certain physical and mental illnesses and the pharmaceutical substances used to treat them can increase risk of obesity. Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. In people with heart failure, those with a BMI between 30. BMI is usually expressed in kilograms per square metre, resulting when weight is measured in kilograms and height in metres. One of the strongest is the link with type 2 diabetes. Obesity in children and adolescents is defined not as an absolute number but in relation to a historical normal group, such that obesity is a BMI greater than the 95th. The strength of the link between obesity and specific conditions varies. The disease scroll (Yamai no soshi, late 12th century) depicts a woman moneylender with obesity, considered a disease of the rich.
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